Off Line Telephone Tester Circuit Diagram

Here is a circuit of an off-line telephone tester which does not require any telephone line for testing a telephone instrument. The circuit is so simple that it can be easily assembled even by a novice having very little knowledge of electronics. A telephone line may be considered to be a source of some 50 volts DC with a source impedance of about 1 kilo-ohm. During ringing, in place of DC, an AC voltage of 70 to 80 volts (at 17 to 25 Hz) is present across the telephone line. When the subscriber lifts the handset, the same is sensed by the telephone exchange and the ringing AC voltage is disconnected and DC is reconnected to the line. Lifting...

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Audio Visual Ringer Circuit Diagram

Many a times one needs an ex- tra telephone ringer in an ad- joining room to know if there is an incoming call. For example, if the telephone is installed in the drawing room you may need an extra ringer in the bedroom. All that needs to be done is to connect the given circuit in parallel with the existing telephone lines using twin flexible wires. This circuit does not require any external power source for its operation. The section comprising resistor R1 and diodes D5 and LED1 provides a visual indication of the ring. Remaining part of the circuit is the audio ringer based on IC1 (BA8204 or ML8204). This integrated circuit, specially designed...

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Telephone Headgear Circuit Diagram

Acompact, inexpensive and low component count telecom head- set can be constructed using two readily available transistors and a few other electronic components. This circuit is very useful for hands-free operation of EPABX and pager communication. Since the circuit draws very little current, it is ideal for parallel operation with electronic telephone set. Working of the circuit is simple and straightforward. Resistor R1 and an ordinary neon glow- lamp forms a complete visual ringer circuit. This simple arrangement does not require a DC blocking capacitor because, under idle conditions, the telephone line voltage is insufficient to ionise the...

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Smart Phone Light Circuit Diagram

The circuit shown here is used to switch on a lamp when the tele- phone rings, if the ambient light is insufficient. The circuit uses only two ICs and it can be implemented very easily. A light dependent resistance (LDR), with about 5 kilo-ohms resistance in the ambient light and greather than 100 kilo-ohms in darkness, is at the heart of the circuit. The circuit is fully isolated from the phone lines and it draws current only when the phone rings. The circuit provides automatic switching on of a lamp during darkness when the phone is kept in a place such as the bedroom. The lamp can be battery powered to provide light during power failure or...

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Telephone Number Display Circuit Diagram

The given circuit, when connected in parallel to a telephone, dis- plays the number dialled from the telephone set using the DTMF mode. This circuit can also show the number dialled from the phone of the called party. This is particularly helpful for receiving any number over the phone lines. The DTMF signal—generated by the phone on dialling a number—is decoded by DTMF decoder CM8870P1 (IC1), which converts the received DTMF signal into its equivalent BCD number that corresponds to the dialled number. This binary number is stored sequentially in 10 latches each time a number is dialled from the phone. The first number is stored in IC5A (1/2...

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Cordless Phone Backup

Normally the base of a cordless phone has an adaptor and the handset has Ni-Cd cells for its operation. The base unit becomes inoperative in case of power failure. In such conditions, it is better to provide a backup using Ni-Cd cells externally. Here is a simple circuit which can be used with cordless phone SANYO CLT-420 or similar sets.The working is simple. When AC mains is present, Ni-Cd cells are charged through IC LM317L, which is wired as a current source. Also, diode D3 is reverse-biased, which keeps Ni-Cd cells isolated from positive rail. When AC mains goes off, the Ni-Cd cells provide supply to the cordless phone base unit through...

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Multipurpose Circuit For Telephone

This add-on device for telephones can be connected in parallel to the telephone instrument.The circuit provides audio-visual indication of on-hook, off-hook, and ringing modes. It can also be used to connect the telephone to a cid (caller identification device) through a relay and also to indicate tapping or misuse of telephone lines by sounding a buzzer.In on-hook mode, 48V dc supply is maintained across the telephone lines. In this case, the bi-colour led glows in green, indicating the idle state of the telephone. The value of resistor r1 can be changed somewhat to adjust the led glow, without loading the telephone lines (by trial and error).In...

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Conversation Recorder

This circuit enables automatic switching-on of the tape recorder when the handset is lifted. The tape recorder gets switched off when the handset is replaced. The signals are suitably attenuated to a level at which they can be recorded using the ‘MIC-IN’ socket of the tape recorder.Points X and Y in the circuit are connected to the telephone lines. Resistors R1 and R2 act as a voltage divider. The voltage appearing across R2 is fed to the ‘MIC-IN’ socket of the tape recorder. The values of R1 and R2 may be changed depending on the input impedance of the tape recorder’s ‘MIC-IN’ terminals. Capacitor C1 is used for blocking the flow of DC.The second...

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Phone Broadcaster

Here is a simple yet very useful circuit which can be used to eavesdrop on a telephone conversation. The circuit can also be used as a wireless telephone amplifier.One important feature of this circuit is that the circuit derives its power directly from the active telephone lines, and thus avoids use of any external battery or other power supplies. This not only saves a lot of space but also money. It consumes very low current from telephone lines without disturbing its performance. The circuit is very tiny and can be built using a single-IC type veroboard that can be easily fitted inside a telephone connection box of 3.75 cm x 5 cm.The circuit...

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Telephone Call Meter Using Calculator & COB

In this circuit, a simple calculator, in conjunction with a COB (chip-on-board) from an analogue quartz clock, is used to make a telephone call meter. The calculator enables conversion of STD/ISD calls to local call equivalents and always displays current local call-meter reading.The circuit is simple and presents an elegant look, with feather-touch operation. It consumes very low current and is fully battery operated. The batteries used last more than a year.Another advantage of using this circuit is that it is compatible with any type of pulse rate format, i.e. pulse rate in whole number, or whole number with decimal value. Recently, the telephone...

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Having Secrecy In Pararel Telephones

Often a need arises for connection of two telephone instruments in parallel to one line. But it creates quite a few problems in their proper performance, such as overloading and overhearing of the conversation by an undesired person. In order to eliminate all such problems and get a clear reception, a simple scheme is presented here (Fig. 1).This system will enable the incoming ring to be heard at both the ends. The DPDT switch, installed with each of the parallel telephones, connects you to the line in one position of the switch and disconnects you in the other position of the switch. At any one time, only one telephone is connected to the line....

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Telephone Line Based Audio Muting And Light On Circuit

Very often when enjoying music or watching TV at high audio level, we may not be able to hear a telephone ring and thus miss an important incoming phone call. To overcome this situation, the circuit presented here can be used. The circuit would automatically light a bulb on arrival of a telephone ring and simultaneously mute the music system/TV audio for the duration the telephone handset is off-hook. Lighting of the bulb would not only indicate an incoming call but also help in locating the telephone during darkness.On arrival of a ring, or when the handset is off-hook, the inbuilt transistor of IC1 (opto-coupler) conducts and capacitor C1 gets...

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Two Line Intercom Push A Telephone Change Over Switch

The circuit presented here can be used for connecting two telephones in parallel and also as a 2-line intercom.Usually a single telephone is connected to a telephone line. If another telephone is required at some distance, a parallel line is taken for connecting the other telephone. In this simple parallel line operation, the main problem is loss of privacy besides interference from the other phone. This problem is obviated in the circuit presented here.Under normal condition, two telephones (telephone 1 and 2) can be used as intercom while telephone 3 is connected to the lines from exchange. In changeover mode, exchange line is disconnected...

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Temperature Sensors With Digital Output

This is a very simple to implement Temperature Sensor. It uses LM35DT as a semiconductor temperature sensor which operates with a +5 volt DC.It produces an analog output voltage, proportional to the change in surrounding temperature in Celsius scale (2mv/C). The analog output of the sensor is then passed to the ADC0804 IC which produces an 8-bit binary output (digital output) correspoding to the analog input voltage. The digital output from ADC is then used to glow the LED which indicates the high/low logic (LED ON: Logic 0, LED OFF: Logic 1).The output of the ADC can be interfaced to a 7-segment diaply using a 7-segment driver or the digital...

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Light Barrier Detector Circuit Diagram

This simple circuit using a single transistor turns ON the relay when light falls on the LDR.The potentiometer is adjusted for the required sensitivity.The power supply is 6V.Be careful about the impedance of the relay. Its impedance should not be less that 60ohm.Its working can be explained as follows:With the light falling on the LDR,its resistance is low and the transistor is saturated and turns the relay ON.When light is obstructed, the LDRs resistance becomes very high. The potentiometer shorts the transistorsbase to ground and it is cut off. Hence the relay is O...

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Colour Sensors Circuit Diagram

Colour sensor is an interesting project for hobbyists. The cir- cuit can sense eight colours, i.e. blue, green and red (primary colours); magenta, yellow and cyan (secondary colours); and black and white. The circuit is based on the fundamentals of optics and digital electronics. The object whose colour is required to be detected should be placed in front of the system. The light rays reflected from the object will fall on the three convex lenses which are fixed in front of the three LDRs. The convex lenses are used to converge light rays. This helps to increase the sensitivity of LDRs. Blue, green and red glass plates (filters) are fixed in...

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Dew Sensors Circuit Diagram

Dew (condensed moisture) ad- versely affects the normal per- formance of sensitive electronic devices. A low-cost circuit described here can be used to switch off any gadget automatically in case of excessive humidity. At the heart of the circuit is an inexpensive (resistor type) dew sensor element. Although dew sensor elements are widely used in video cassette players and recorders, these may not be easily available in local market. However, the same can be procured from authorised service centres of reputed companies. The author used the dew sensor for FUNAI VCP model No. V.I.P. 3000A (Part No: 6808-08-04, reference no. 336) in his prototype....

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Clap Activated Remote Circuit Diagram

An infra-red or wireless remote control has the disadvantage that the small, handy, remote transmitter is often misplaced. The sound operated switch has the advantage that the transmitter is always with you. This project offers a way to control up to four latching switches with two claps of your hand. These switches may be used to control lights or fans – or anything else that does not produce too loud a sound. To prevent an occasional loud sound from causing malfunction, the circuit is normally quiescent. The first clap takes it out of standby state and starts a scan of eight panel-mounted LEDs. Each of the four switches are accompanied with...

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Coilles FM Transmitter Circuit Diagram

The RF oscillator using the inverter N2 and 10.7Mhz ceramic filter is driving the parallel combination of N4 to N6 through N3.Since these inverters are in parallel the output impedance will be low so that it can directly drive an aerial of 1/4th wavelength. Since the output of N4-N6 is square wave there will be a lot of harmonics in it. The 9th harmonics of 10.7Mhz (96.3Mhz) will hence be at the center of the FM band .N1 is working as an audio amplifier. The audio signals from the microphone are amplified and fed to the varycap diode. The signal varies the capacitance of the varycap and hence varies the oscillator frequency which produce Frequency...

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FM Transmitter Circuit Diagram

Colpitts oscillator. Its frequency depends on the capacitance of the vary cap diode. The center frequency is changed by varying the biasing voltage of the vary cap through the 47K pot. You can use a 75cm telescopic antenna or simply a length of hook-up wire. Mine worked fine with a 6cm hook-up wire and gave a range of 100m with a good FM receiver. The approx. cost of the circuit is around Rs.35Coil Details (Print on the PCB itself)The coil shown below can be constructed on the PCB itself as PCB track. Just transfer the dimensions on a copper board and etch it. If the 1mm spacing is difficult use a sharp blade to remove unwanted copper.You can...

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Radio Remote Control Using DTMF

Here is a circuit of a remote control unit which makes use of the radio frequency signals to control various electrical appliances. This remote control unit has 4 channels which can be easily extended to 12. This circuit differs from similar circuits in view of its simplicity and a totally different concept of generating the control signals. Usually remote control circuits make use of infrared light to transmit control signals. Their use is thus limited to a very confined area and line-of-sight. However, this circuit makes use of radio frequency to transmit the control signals and hence it can be used for control from almost anywhere in the house....

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Powerfull AM Transmitter Circuit Diagram

The circuit for a powerful AM transmitter using ceramic resonator/filter of 3.587 MHz is presented here. Resonators/filters of other frequencies such as 5.5 MHz, 7 MHz and 10.7 MHz may also be used. Use of different frequency filters/resonators will involve corresponding variation in the value of inductor used in the tank circuit of oscillator connected at the collector of transistor T1.The AF input for modulation is inserted in series with emitter of transistor T1 (and resistor R4) using a transistor radio type audio driver transformer as shown in the circuit. Modulated RF output is developed across the tank circuit which can be tuned to resonance...

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40 Meter Direct Conversion Receiver Circuit Diagram

Using the circuit of 40-metre band direct-conversion receiver descr- ibed here, one can listen to amateur radio QSO signals in CW as well as in SSB mode in the 40-metre band. The circuit makes use of three n-channel FETs (BFW10). The first FET (T1) performs the function of ant./RF amplifier-cum-product detector, while the second and third FETs (T2 and T3) together form a VFO (variable frequency oscillator) whose output is injected into the gate of first FET (T1) through 10pF capacitor C16. The VFO is tuned to a frequency which differs from the incoming CW signal frequency by about 1 kHz to produce a beat frequency in the audio range at the output...

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Remote Control Using VHF Modules Circuit Diagram

The power output of most of these circuits are very low because no power amplifier stages were incorporated.The transmitter circuit described here has an extra RF power amplifier stage, after the oscillator stage, to raise the power output to 200-250 milliwatts. With a good matching 50-ohm ground plane antenna or multi-element Yagi antenna, this transmitter can provide reasonably good signal strength up to a distance of about 2 kilometres.The circuit built around transistor T1 (BF494) is a basic low-power variable-frequency VHF oscillator. A varicap diode circuit is included to change the frequency of the transmitter and to provide frequency...

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Self Switching Power Supply Circuit Diagram

One of the main features of the regulated power supply circuit being presented is that though fixed-voltage regulator LM7805 is used in the circuit, its output voltage is variable. This is achieved by connecting a potentiometer between common terminal of regulator IC and ground. For every 100-ohm increment in the in-circuit value of the resistance of potentiometer VR1, the output voltage increases by 1 volt. Thus, the output varies from 3.7V to 8.7V (taking into account 1.3-volt drop across diodes D1 and D2).Another important feature of the supply is that it switches itself off when no load is connected across its output terminals. This is achieved...

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High Voltage Low Current Supply Circuit Diagram

A high voltage power supply is a very useful source which can be effectively used in many applications like biasing of gas-discharge tubes and radiation detectors etc. Such a power supply could also be used for protection of property by electric charging of fences. Here the current requirement is of the order of a few microamps. In such an application, high voltage would essentially exist between a ‘live’ wire and ground. When this ‘live’ wire is touched, the discharge occurs via body resistance and it gives a non-lethal but deterrent shock to an intruder. The circuit is built around a single transistorised blocking oscillator. An important element...

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High And Low Voltage Cut-Out With Delay And Music Circuit Diagram

Voltage variations and power cuts adversely affect various equip- ment such as TVs, VCRs, music systems and refrigerators. This simple circuit will protect the costly equipment from high as well as low voltages and the voltage surges (when power resumes). It also gives a melodious tune when mains power resumes. When mains voltage is normal, the DC voltage at the cathode of zener diode D4 is less then 5.6V. As a result transistor T1 is in ‘off’ state. The DC voltage at the cathode of zener diode D5 is greater than 5.6V and as a result transistor T2 is in ‘on’ state. Consequently, relay RL1 gets energised, which is indicated by lighting up of green...

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Over/Under Voltage Cut-Out Circuit Diagram

This over/under voltage cut-out will save your costly electrical and electronic appliances from the adverse effects of very high and very low mains voltages. The circuit features auto reset and utilises easily available components. It makes use of the comparators available inside 555 timer ICs. Supply is tapped from different points of the power supply circuit for relay and control circuit operation to achieve reliability. The circuit utilises comparator 2 for control while comparator 1 output (connected to reset pin R) is kept low by shorting pins 5 and 6 of 555 IC. The positive input pin of comparator 2 is at 1/3rd of Vcc voltage . Thus as...

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Ultra Low Drop Linear Vpltage Regulator Circuit Diagram

The circuit is a MOSFET based linear voltage regulator with a voltage drop of as low as 60 mV at 1 ampere. Drop of a fewer millivolts is possible with better MOSFETs having lower RDS(on) resistance. The circuit in Fig. 1 uses 15V-0-15V secondary from a step-down transformer and employs an n-channel MOSFET IRF 540 to get the regulated 12V output from DC input, which could be as low as 12.06V. The gate drive voltage required for the MOSFET is generated using a voltage doubler circuit consisting of diodes D1 and D2 and capacitors C1 and C4. To turn the MOSFET fully on, the gate terminal should be around 10V above the source terminal which is connected...

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Negeative Supply For Single Positif Supply Circuit Diagram

Opamps are very useful. But one of their major drawbacks is the requirement of a dual supply. This seriously limits their applications in fields where a dual supply is not affordable or not practicable.This circuit solves the problem to a certain extent. It provides a negative voltage from a single positive supply. This negative voltage together with the positive supply can be used to power the opamps and other circuits requiring a dual supply.The circuits operation can be explained as follows:The 555 IC is operating as an astable multivibrator with a frequency of about 1kHz. A square wave is obtained at the pin 3 of the IC . When the output...

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Sawtooth Wave generator Circuit Diagram

Sawtooth wave generators using opamp are very common. But the disadvantage is that it requires a bipolar power supply.A sawtooth wave generator can be built using a simple 555 timer IC and a transistor as shown in the circuit diagram.The working of the circuit can be explained as follows:The part of the circuit consisting of the capacitor C, transistor,zener diode and the resistors form a constant current source to charge the capacitor. Initially assume the capacitor is fully discharged. The voltage across it is zero and hence the internal comparators inside the 555 connected to pin 2 causes the 555's output to go high and the internal transistor...

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Discrete Component Motor Direction Controller Circuit Diagram

This circuit can control a small DC motor, like the one in a tape recorder. When both the points A & B are "HIGH" Q1 and Q2 are in saturation. Hence the bases of Q3 to Q6 are grounded. Hence Q3,Q5 are OFF and Q4,Q6 are ON . The voltages at both the motor terminals is the same and hence the motor is OFF. Similarly when both A and B are "LOW" the motor is OFF.When A is HIGH and B is LOW, Q1 saturates ,Q2 is OFF. The bases of Q3 and Q4 are grounded and that of Q4 and Q5 are HIGH. Hence Q4 and Q5 conduct making the right terminal of the motor more positive than the left and the motor is ON. When A is LOW and B is HIGH ,the left terminal of the...

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